Gate
2018 Syllabus for Engineering Sciences (XE)
Section A: Engineering Mathematics
Linear
Algebra: Algebra Of Matrices, Inverse, Rank, System Of Linear
Equations, Symmetric, Skew-Symmetric And Orthogonal Matrices. Hermitian, Skew-Hermitian
And Unitary Matrices. Eigenvalues And Eigenvectors, Diagonalisation Of
Matrices, Cayley-Hamilton Theorem.
Calculus: Functions
Of Single Variable, Limit, Continuity And Differentiability, Mean Value
Theorems, Indeterminate Forms And L’Hospital Rule, Maxima And Minima,Taylor’s Series,
Fundamental And Mean Value-Theorems Of Integral Calculus. Evaluation Of Definite
And Improper Integrals, Beta And Gamma Functions, Functions Of Two Variables,
Limit, Continuity, Partial Derivatives, Euler’s Theorem For Homogeneous
Functions, Total Derivatives, Maxima And Minima, Lagrange Method Of
Multipliers, Double And Triple Integrals And Their Applications, Sequence And
Series, Tests For Convergence, Power Series, Fourier Series, Half Range Sine
And Cosine Series.
Complex
Variable: Analytic Functions, Cauchy-Riemann Equations, Application
In Solving Potential Problems, Line Integral, Cauchy’s Integral Theorem And
Integral Formula (Without Proof), Taylor’s And Laurent’ Series, Residue Theorem
(Without Proof) And Its Applications.
Vector
Calculus: Gradient, Divergence And Curl, Vector Identities,
Directional Derivatives, Line, Surface And Volume Integrals, Stokes, Gauss And Green’s
Theorems (Without Proofs) Applications.
Ordinary
Differential Equations: First Order Equation (Linear And
Nonlinear), Second Order Linear Differential Equations With Variable
Coefficients, Variation Of Parameters Method, Higher Order Linear Differential
Equations With Constant Coefficients, Cauchy- Euler’s Equations, Power Series
Solutions, Legendre Polynomials And Bessel’s Functions Of The First Kind And
Their Properties.
Partial
Differential Equations: Separation Of Variables Method,Laplace
Equation, Solutions Of One Dimensional Heat And Wave Equations.
Probability
And Statistics: Definitions Of Probability And Simple
Theorems, Conditional Probability, Bayes Theorem, Random Variables, Discrete
And Continuous Distributions, Binomial, Poisson, And Normal Distributions,
Correlation And Linear Regression.
Numerical
Methods: Solution Of A System Of Linear Equations By L-U Decomposition,
Gauss-Jordan And Gauss-Seidel Methods, Newton’s Interpolation Formulae, Solution
Of A Polynomial And A Transcendental Equation By Newton-Raphson Method,
Numerical Integration By Trapezoidal Rule, Simpson’s Rule And Gaussian Quadrature,
Numerical Solutions Of First Order Differential Equation By Euler’s Method And
4th Order Runge-Kutta Method.
Section B: Fluid Mechanics
Fluid
Properties: Relation Between Stress And Strain Rate
For Newtonian Fluids.
Hydrostatics: Buoyancy,
Manometry, Forces On Submerged Bodies. Eulerian And Lagrangian Description Of
Fluid Motion, Concept Of Local And Convective Accelerations, Steady And
Unsteady Flows, Control Volume Analysis For Mass, Momentum And Energy. Differential
Equations Of Mass And Momentum (Euler Equation), Bernoulli’s Equation And Its
Applications. Concept Of Fluid Rotation, Vorticity, Stream Function And
Potential Function.
Potential
Flow: Elementary Flow Fields And Principle Of Superposition,
Potential Flow Past A Circular Cylinder.
Dimensional
Analysis: Concept Of Geometric, Kinematic And Dynamic
Similarity, Importance Of Non-Dimensional Numbers. Fully-Developed Pipe Flow,
Laminar And Turbulent Flows, Friction Factor, Darcy-Weisbach Relation. Qualitative
Ideas Of Boundary Layer And Separation, Streamlined And Bluff Bodies, Drag And
Lift Forces. Basic Ideas Of Flow Measurement Using Venturimeter, Pitot-Static
Tube And Orifice Plate.
Section C: Materials Science
Structure: Atomic
Structure And Bonding In Materials. Crystal Structure Of Materials, Crystal
Systems, Unit Cells And Space Lattices, Determination Of Structures Of Simple
Crystals By X-Ray Diffraction, Miller Indices Of Planes And Directions, Packing
Geometry In Metallic, Ionic And Covalent Solids. Concept Of Amorphous, Single
And Polycrystalline Structures And Their Effect On Properties Of Materials. Crystal
Growth Techniques. Imperfections In Crystalline Solids And Their Role In
Influencing Various Properties.
Diffusion: Fick’s
Laws and Application Of Diffusion in Sintering, Doping Of Semiconductors And
Surface Hardening Of Metals.
Metals
And Alloys: Solid Solutions, Solubility Limit, Phase
Rule, Binary Phase Diagrams, Intermediate Phases, Intermetallic Compounds,
Iron-Iron Carbide Phase Diagram, Heat Treatment Of Steels, Cold, Hot Working Of
Metals, Recovery, Recrystallization And Grain Growth. Microstrcture, Properties
And Applications Of Ferrous And Non-Ferrous Alloys.
Ceramics: Structure,
Properties, Processing And Applications Of Traditional And Advanced Ceramics.
Polymers: Classification,
Polymerization, Structure And Properties, Additives For Polymer Products,
Processing And Applications.
Composites: Properties
And Applications Of Various Composites.
Advanced
Materials And Tools: Smart Materials, Exhibiting Ferroelectric,
Piezoelectric, Optoelectric, Semiconducting Behavior, Lasers And Optical
Fibers, Photoconductivity And Superconductivity, Nanomaterials – Synthesis,
Properties And Applications, Biomaterials, Superalloys, Shape Memory Alloys. Materials
Characterization Techniques Such As, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission
Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, Scanning Tunneling Microscopy,
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry.
Mechanical
Properties: Stress-Strain Diagrams Of Metallic,
Ceramic And Polymeric Materials, Modulus Of Elasticity, Yield Strength, Tensile
Strength, Toughness, Elongation, Plastic Deformation, Viscoelasticity,
Hardness, Impact Strength, Creep, Fatigue, Ductile And Brittle Fracture.
Thermal
Properties: Heat Capacity, Thermal Conductivity,
Thermal Expansion Of Materials.
Electronic
Properties: Concept Of Energy Band Diagram For
Materials – Conductors, Semiconductors And Insulators, Electrical Conductivity
– Effect Of Temperature On Conductility, Intrinsic And Extrinsic
Semiconductors, Dielectric Properties.
Optical
Properties: Reflection, Refraction, Absorption And Transmission
Of Electromagnetic Radiation In Solids.
Magnetic
Properties: Origin Of Magnetism In Metallic And Ceramic
Materials, Paramagnetism, Diamagnetism, Antiferro Magnetism, Ferromagnetism,
Ferrimagnetism, Magnetic Hysterisis.
Environmental
Degradation: Corrosion And Oxidation Of Materials,
Prevention.
Section D: Solid Mechanics
Equivalent Force Systems; Free-Body Diagrams;
Equilibrium Equations; Analysis Of Determinate Trusses And Frames; Friction;
Simple Relative Motion Of Particles; Force As Function Of Position, Time And
Speed; Force Acting On A Body In Motion; Laws Of Motion; Law Of Conservation Of
Energy; Law Of Conservation Of Momentum.
Stresses And Strains; Principal Stresses And Strains; Mohr’s
Circle; Generalized Hooke’s Law; Thermal Strain; Theories Of Failure. Axial,
Shear And Bending Moment Diagrams; Axial, Shear And Bending Stresses;
Deflection (For Symmetric Bending); Torsion In Circular Shafts; Thin Cylinders;
Energy Methods (Castigliano’s Theorems); Euler Buckling. Free Vibration Of
Single Degree Of Freedom Systems.
Section E: Thermodynamics
Basic
Concepts: Continuum, Macroscopic Approach, Thermodynamic System
(Closed And Open Or Control Volume); Thermodynamic Properties And Equilibrium;
State Of A System, State Diagram, Path And Process; Different Modes Of Work; Zeroth
Law Of Thermodynamics; Concept Of Temperature; Heat.
First
Law Of Thermodynamics: Energy, Enthalpy, Specific Heats,
First Law Applied To Systems And Control Volumes, Steady And Unsteady Flow
Analysis.
Second
Law Of Thermodynamics: Kelvin-Planck And Clausius Statements,
Reversible And Irreversible Processes, Carnot Theorems, Thermodynamic
Temperature Scale, Clausius Inequality And Concept Of Entropy, Principle Of
Increase Of Entropy; Availability And Irreversibility.
Properties
Of Pure Substances: Thermodynamic Properties Of Pure
Substances In Solid, Liquid And Vapor Phases, P-V-T Behaviour Of Simple Compressible
Substances, Phase Rule, Thermodynamic Property Tables And Charts, Ideal And
Real Gases, Equations Of State, Compressibility Chart.
Thermodynamic
Relations: T-Ds Relations, Maxwell Equations, Joule-Thomson Coefficient,
Coefficient Of Volume Expansion, Adiabatic And Isothermal Compressibilities, Clapeyron
Equation.
Thermodynamic
Cycles: Carnot Vapor Power Cycle, Ideal Rankine Cycle, Rankine
Reheat Cycle, Air Standard Otto Cycle, Air Standard Diesel Cycle, Air-Standard Brayton
Cycle, Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle. Ideal Gas Mixtures:Dalton’s And Amagat’s
Laws, Calculations Of Properties, Air-Water Vapor Mixtures And Simple
Thermodynamic Processes Involving Them.
Section F: Polymer Science And Engineering
Chemistry
Of High Polymers: Monomers, Functionality, Degree Of
Polymerizations, Classification Of Polymers, Glass Transition, Melting
Transition, Criteria For Rubberiness, Polymerization Methods: Addition And
Condensation; Their Kinetics, Metallocene Polymers And Other Newer Techniques
Of Polymerization, Copolymerization, Monomer Reactivity Ratios And Its
Significance, Kinetics, Different Copolymers, Random, Alternating, Azeotropic
Copolymerization, Block And Graft Copolymers, Techniques For
Copolymerization-Bulk, Solution, Suspension, Emulsion.
Polymer
Characterization: Solubility And Swelling, Concept Of
Average Molecular Weight, Determination Of Number Average, Weight Average,
Viscosity Average And Z-Average Molecular Weights, Polymer Crystallinity,
Analysis Of Polymers Using IR, XRD, Thermal (DSC, DMTA, TGA), Microscopic
(Optical And Electronic) Techniques.
Synthesis
And Properties: Commodity And General Purpose
Thermoplastics: PE, PP, PS, PVC, Polyesters, Acrylic, PU Polymers. Engineering
Plastics: Nylon, PC, PBT, PSU, PPO, ABS, Fluoropolymers Thermosetting Polymers:
PF, MF, UF, Epoxy, Unsaturated Polyester, Alkyds. Natural And Synthetic
Rubbers: Recovery Of NR Hydrocarbon From Latex, SBR, Nitrile, CR, CSM, EPDM, IIR,
BR, Silicone, TPE.
Polymer
Blends And Composites: Difference Between Blends And
Composites, Their Significance, Choice Of Polymers For Blending, Blend
Miscibility-Miscible And Immiscible Blends, Thermodynamics, Phase Morphology,
Polymer Alloys, Polymer Eutectics, Plastic-Plastic, Rubber-Plastic And Rubber-Rubber
Blends, FRP, Particulate, Long And Short Fibre Reinforced Composites.
Polymer
Technology: Polymer Compounding-Need And Significance, Different
Compounding Ingredients For Rubber And Plastics, Crosslinking And
Vulcanization, Vulcanization Kinetics.
Polymer
Rheology: Flow Of Newtonian And Non-Newtonian Fluids, Different
Flow Equations, Dependence Of Shear Modulus On Temperature, Molecular/Segmental
Deformations At Different Zones And Transitions. Measurements Of Rheological
Parameters By Capillary Rotating, Parallel Plate, Cone-Plate Rheometer.
Viscoelasticity-Creep And Stress Relaxations, Mechanical Models, Control Of
Rheological Characteristics Through Compounding, Rubber Curing In Parallel
Plate Viscometer, ODR And MDR.
Polymer
Processing: Compression Molding, Transfer Molding, Injection
Molding, Blow Molding, Reaction Injection Molding, Extrusion, Pultrusion,
Calendaring, Rotational Molding, Thermoforming, Rubber Processing In Two-Roll
Mill, Internal Mixer.
Polymer
Testing: Mechanical-Static And Dynamic Tensile, Flexural,
Compressive, Abrasion, Endurance, Fatigue, Hardness, Tear, Resilience, Impact,
Toughness. Conductivity-Thermal And Electrical, Dielectric Constant,
Dissipation Factor, Power Factor, Electric Resistance, Surface Resistivity,
Volume Resistivity, Swelling, Ageing Resistance, Environmental Stress Cracking
Resistance.
Section G: Food Technology
Food
Chemistry And Nutrition: Carbohydrates: Structure And
Functional Properties Of Mono-Oligo-Polysaccharides Including Starch, Cellulose,
Pectic Substances And Dietary Fibre; Proteins: Classification And Structure Of
Proteins In Food; Lipids: Classification And Structure Of Lipids, Rancidity Of
Fats, Polymerization And Polymorphism; Pigments: Carotenoids, Chlorophylls,
Anthocyanins, Tannins And Myoglobin; Food Flavours: Terpenes, Esters, Ketones
And Quinones;
Enzymes: Specificity,
Kinetics And Inhibition, Coenzymes, Enzymatic And Non-Enzymatic Browning; Nutrition:
Balanced Diet, Essential Amino Acids And Fatty Acids, PER, Water Soluble And
Fat Soluble Vitamins, Role Of Minerals In Nutrition, Antinutrients, Nutrition Deficiency
Diseases.
Food
Microbiology: Characteristics Of Microorganisms: Morphology,
Structure And Detection Of Bacteria, Yeast And Mold In Food, Spores And
Vegetative Cells; Microbial Growth In Food: Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors, Growth
And Death Kinetics, Serial Dilution Method For Quantification; Food Spoilage: Contributing
Factors, Spoilage Bacteria, Microbial Spoilage Of Milk And Milk Products, Meat
And Meat Products; Foodborne Disease: Toxins Produced By Staphylococcus, Clostridium
And Aspergillus; Bacterial Pathogens: Salmonella, Bacillus, Listeria, Escherichia
Coli, Shigella, Campylobacter; Fermented Food: Buttermilk, Yoghurt, Cheese,
Sausage, Alcoholic Beverage, Vinegar, Sauerkraut And Soya Sauce.
Food
Products Technology: Processing Principles: Canning, Chilling,
Freezing, Dehydration, Control Of Water Activity, CA And MA Storage,
Fermentation, Hurdle Technology, Addition Of Preservatives And Food Additives, Food
Packaging, Cleaning In Place And Food Laws.; Grain Products Processing: Milling
Of Rice, Wheat, And Maize, Parboiling Of Paddy, Production Of Bread, Biscuits,
Extruded Products And Breakfast Cereals, Solvent Extraction, Refining And
Hydrogenation Of Oil; Fruits, Vegetables And Plantation Products Processing: Extraction,
Clarification Concentration And Packaging Of Fruit Juice, Production Of Jam,
Jelly, Marmalade, Squash, Candies, And Pickles, Pectin From Fruit Waste, Tea,
Coffee, Chocolate And Essential Oils From Spices; Milk And Milk Products
Processing: Pasteurized And Sterilized Milk, Cream, Butter, Ghee, Ice-Cream,
Cheese And Milk Powder; Animal Products Processing: Drying And Canning Of Fish,
Post Mortem Changes, Tenderization And Freezing Of Meat, Egg Powder.
Food
Engineering: Mass And Energy Balance; Momentum Transfer:
Flow Rate And Pressure Drop Relationships For Newtonian Fluids Flowing Through
Pipe, Characteristics Of Non-Newtonian Fluids – Generalized Viscosity
Coefficient And Reynolds Number, Flow Of Compressible Fluid, Flow Measurement, Pumps
And Compressors; Heat Transfer: Heat Transfer By Conduction, Convection,
Radiation, Boiling And Condensation, Unsteady State Heat Transfer In Simple
Geometry, NTU- Effectiveness Relationship Of Co-Current And Counter Current
Double Pipe Heat Exchanger; Mass Transfer: Molecular Diffusion And Fick’s Law, Steady
State Mass Transfer, Convective Mass Transfer, Permeability Of Films And
Laminates; Mechanical Operations: Energy Requirement And Rate Of Operations
Involved In Size Reduction Of Solids, High Pressure Homogenization, Filtration,
Centrifugation, Settling, Sieving, Flow Through Porous Bed, Agitation Of
Liquid, Solid-Solid Mixing, And Single Screw Extrusion; Thermal Operations: Energy
Requirement And Rate Of Operations Involved In Process Time Evaluation In Batch
And Continuous Sterilization, Evaporation Of Liquid Foods, Hot Air Drying Of
Solids, Spray And Freeze-Drying, Freezing And Crystallization; Mass Transfer
Operations: Properties Of Air-Water Vapor Mixture; Humidification And
Dehumidification Operations.
No comments:
Post a Comment